THE VIEW FROM HERE
The Real Experience, The Photograph
Photography is reductive, funneling a big world of human experience into a small frame of recorded light. It can be more than the original experience in detail and selectivity, but is less than the original experience in most ways. Seeing the potential to make it more, to select, distill, and therefore perhaps even intensify an aspect of the experience is where the power of photography often shines.
Photography, Time and Memory
We've become accustomed to seeing our human experiences rendered by photographs in split-second renditions. This is obviously not the human experience of time. But it has become photographic time.
To encode time in different ways, we sometimes do sequences of images, very long exposures, or even switch to video. We make much of these moments, from Cartier-Bresson's "Decisive Moment" to Harold Edgerton's very high speed stop-action work. But in photography, chasing time in human memory is elusive.
One style of photographic interpretation that has become vogue in nature photography circles is the long exposure blurred-stream turned to fog look. Originating from low light conditions and a desire for some depth of field, these long exposure shots with foggy water have become a style, a source of affectionate mystery and a photographic cliché.
My use of the scanning camera with its thousands of short exposures contained in a single frame has certainly challenged and broadened my notions of photographic time. Movement over time recorded in this way sometimes reveals patterns and rhythm of motion, other times serrating motion into a kind of tri-color cubist time.
Depth
We take in the visual experience of space with a roving eye that brings various depths into focus as we glance around. There's little awareness that our eyes are reshaping to alter the focal length of our vision and bringing differing distances into momentary focus. It is automatic and natural. The camera has no such inherent ability. Depth of field must be coaxed from the camera.
Dynamic Range
That same roving eye uses a continuously varying iris muscle to regulate light falling on the retina. A huge range of brightnesses can be accommodated within moments as our eyes dart around a scene. Such a range can be very difficult for a single photograph to record.
A Single View The challenge of a single photographic record is to concatenate these accumulated experiences into a single frame. It can be a big challenge. We ask for a level of detail equal to what we might have seen onsite with close examination. We try to record the extremes of contrast. We try to chase the human visual experience. We want our emotional reaction to be crucial to the communication.
I often ask students if what they are trying to photograph is actually about visual phenomena. We pick up the camera with an instinct to record, but sometimes it is as much about the feeling of being in a place, rather than what can be seen. Integrating the two into the visual capture is a state where art starts to form.
A Huge Funnel
I often liken the camera to a funnel transforming the huge experience of the real world into the film or sensor's ability to record. This is, by definition a reduction, and hopefully a powerful distillation of the scene before the lens as rendered in light.
I don't have a stylistic or practical suggestion of how to easily embed non-visual experiences into a photograph, but I do think our notion of what a photograph can contain is expanding. It is common to keep journals of our experiences, which can become an obvious enrichment of the photographic experience after the fact. I now regularly record GPS tracks as I work to record real location information for each photograph. (see GPS PhotoLinker) Ever more frequently I get out my spectrophotometer and take ambient light spectral readings for later color management options. While these additions to the photographic experience don't replace simple good seeing and heartfelt response, they do have the potential to add considerably to our understanding and interpretation of the image.
Understanding what you are trying to capture, and relating that to your overall experience of the moment, then determining if it is visual, are primary starting points. Being sensitive to light, and the absence of light, using the language of photography, makes use of the camera as the interpretation medium.
|
|
|
Stephen Johnson on Digital Photography
by Steve Weiss, Executive Editor. O'Reilly
Tech publishing is by nature a fairly conservative industry, as are its cousins in academic publishing and trade publishing. There's a certain amount of risk in trying to play in new areas, and this was the case when O'Reilly began building a publishing business dedicated to creative and interactive technologies, such as digital photography. That risk is somewhat mitigated by publishing books like Stephen Johnson on Digital Photography, by giving industry leaders a platform to speak in their own voice and to say what they like.
|
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
In Steve Johnson's case, he's got a lot to say. Here's a guy who embraced digital technology in photography back in the 80s, and who's used it to at-times amazing ends: he's shown the world what high-res photography can do when you take it outdoors and point it at Nature. As an extension of that, he shows how the digital means make you aware of the process of photography, therefore forcing you to think about what you're trying to achieve. "Why am I making this photograph?"
Along the way, Steve has thought a hell of lot about photography; he's taught a lot of people how to make themselves better photographers by getting them to think more about the art and the science of what they do; he's mentored an astounding number of people who have gone on to influence the industry themselves; he's advised several hardware and software companies on how to improve the tools they create; and he's captured some sublime images that once seen, never leave your memory.
So for years, people have been asking Stephen Johnson when he was going to write a book in which he teaches what he knows, and now that book is finished. More than 300 pages covering the essential physics of light and image capture; the why and how behind essential technique; selected historical riffs; a healthy bit of discourse on social, cultural, and ethical issues; and in general, some terrific writing and perspective on photography by someone who's more than earned the right to call it like he sees it. It's a beautiful book, with a definite point of view. Check it out.
|